southern breakfast

Southern -



Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia,
West Virginia, Delaware, Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee,
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas



Breakfast -

The word is a compound of "break" and "fast",
referring to the conclusion of fasting since the previous day's last meal.

Nutritional experts have referred to breakfast as the most important meal of the day,
citing studies that find that people who skip breakfast
are disproportionately likely to have problems with concentration, metabolism, and weight



Collard Greens -



The name collard is a shortened form of the word colewort ("cabbage plant"),
but does not have the usual close-knit core of leaves ("head") like cabbage.
It has an upright stalk, often growing up to two feet tall.

Collard greens are in The Acephala Group which includes kale and spring greens.
They are loose-leafed cultivars of Brassica oleracea (or wild cabbage).

They are a staple vegetable of southern U.S. cuisine,
often prepared with other similar green leaf vegetables,
such as kale, turnip greens, spinach, and mustard greens in "mixed greens".



Grits -



Grits is a food of Native American origin that is common in the Southern United States;
it mainly consists of coarsely ground hominy.

Hominy is dried corn kernels which have been treated with an alkali.

In chemistry, an alkali is a basic, ionic salt of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal element.
Some authors also define an alkali as a base that dissolves in water.
The word "alkali" is derived from Arabic al qalīy = the calcined ashes,
referring to the original source of alkaline substance.
Ashes were used in conjunction with animal fat to produce soap,
a process known as saponification. (Also used to process cereals)

Saponification are chemical processes that produce soap from fatty acid derivatives.



The state of Georgia declared grits its official prepared food in 2002.
Similar bills have been introduced in South Carolina, with one declaring:
Whereas, throughout its history, the South has relished its grits,
making them a symbol of its diet, its customs, its humor, and its hospitality,
and whereas, every community in the State of South Carolina used to be the site of a grits mill
and every local economy in the State used to be dependent on its product;
and whereas, grits has been a part of the life of every South Carolinian of whatever race, background, gender, and income;
and whereas, grits could very well play a vital role in the future of not only this State,
but also the world,
if as Charleston's The Post and Courier proclaimed in 1952,
"An inexpensive, simple, and thoroughly digestible food,
[grits] should be made popular throughout the world.
Given enough of it, the inhabitants of planet Earth would have nothing to fight about.
A man full of [grits] is a man of peace."

It is sometimes said that dry grits can be used to kill ants
by causing them to 'explode' as the grits expand inside them;
however, laboratory tests conducted on fire ants suggest that grits are ineffective.



Red-Eye Gravy -



AKA poor man's gravy, bird-eye gravy, bottom sop, or red ham gravy.

The gravy is made from the drippings of pan-fried meat,
sometimes mixed with black coffee (Mississippi uses red wine)
The same drippings, when mixed with flour, make the flavoring for a white gravy.

Red Eye Gravy's name comes from it's principal ingredient: coffee i.e. "red-eye".
Also, the water-based coffee sinks to the bottom
and the oil-based grease forming the top layer
looking like an iris.

Red-eye gravy is often served over ham, cornbread, grits, or biscuits.
It's popular to serve with mustard or ketchup mixed in,
and biscuits dipped (or "sopped") in the gravy.

Less traditional preparation techniques do not always result in "red eye" appearance,
leading to folk legends surrounding the origin of the name.
For instance, that former United States President Andrew Jackson
requested ham with gravy as red as his cook's eyes,
which were bloodshot from drinking the night before,
or that the black coffee in the gravy will keep people awake.



(thank you wikipedia)

Penn & Teller - Anti-Vaccine Campaigns Are Bullshit!

One of the problems with irrational beliefs is that they don't exist in a vacuum of ideas: they have consequences in the real world, and are bound to affect someone in a real way. Take the case of vaccines. There is a growing number of concerned parents who suspect a causal link between them and the incidence of autism, and who are consequently choosing not to vaccinate their children. At first glance, one could make the case that this belief is based on an article published in the well-respected medical journal The Lancet a few years ago.

The problem, of course, is that even though Andrew Wakefield (the research who wrote the article) has been found guilty of professional misconduct and has lost his medical license as a result of the shady, unethical and questionable research published in said journal (now officially retracted), and despite the fact that not a single reputable scientific study has been able to even suggest a possible causal link between vaccines and autism, many people still believe in said non-existent link, and are now exposing their children to the real danger of debilitating diseases that could easily be prevented with a single shot.

Part of this irrationality comes from the fact that a) we are easily persuaded by anecdotal evidence (instead of the rigor of well-conducted statistical analysis), b) we are prone to believe the vociferous ranting of mad celebrities (instead of the cool deliberation of research professionals), and c) we are sometimes more likely to be persuaded by fear-mongering and emotional appeals than by real evidence.

Fortunately, there are antidotes to this irrationality. One of them is the Penn & Teller duo, who, in the following episode of Bullshit, and even before getting into the meat of the 'controversy', manage to beautifully debunk the misguided fear-mongering with a fun statistics lesson :)



Check out more Penn & Teller goodies.
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Katharine Hepburn




During my Grace Kelly phase, I rented High Society from the Seattle Puplic Library.
It was alright. My favorite part was hearing Frank Sinatra and Bing Crosby sing together.
All in all, I've been a bit disappointed by Grace's performances...
Besides being beautiful and kind,
I'm really not too impressed with her acting or presence.

The next movie I started watching that night was The Philadephia Story.
Which, it turns out, is such a strange coincidence,
because High Society is a REMAKE of the The Philadelphia Story
(completely freaked me out, because I had no idea!).


















Anyway, comparing the same role with two different actresses,
there was NO contest.
And now, my new obsession;
Katharine Houghton Hepburn (May 12, 1907 – June 29, 2003).
Who, unlike most of my other fascinations, had a happy, full life.
She gorgeuous, intelligent, witty, captivating, inspiring... OH and stylish.



She holds the record for the most Best Actress Oscar wins with four, from 12 nominations.
Won an Emmy Award in 1976 for her lead role in Love Among the Ruins,
Nominated for four other Emmys,
two Tony Awards and eight Golden Globes.
In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked her as the greatest female star in the history of American cinema.




Especially enjoyed swimming,
and regularly took dips in the frigid waters that fronted her bayfront Connecticut home,
generally believing that "the bitterer the medicine, the better it was for you."
She continued her brisk swims well into her 80s.

In 1923, she found her older brother Tom, whom she idolized,
hanging from the rafters of the attic by a rope, an apparent suicide.
For many years she used Tom's birthday (November 8) as her own.
It was not until 2001 she revealed her true birth date of May 12, 1907.

Was suspended from college for breaking curfew and smoking.
She confirmed that, after dark, she used to go swimming naked in the college's fountain.
She received a degree in history and philosophy.

Often, she'd come to interviews dressed in men's suits,
saying that it was "comfortable".
Without meaning to, she made a fashion statement,
and women who admired her started wearing trousers,
which was not encouraged at the time.

The Daily Telegraph observed,
"Hepburn and Spencer Tracy were at their most seductive when their verbal fencing was sharpest:
it was hard to say whether they delighted more in the battle or in each other."

The trip and the movie made such an impact on her that later in life
she wrote a book about filming the movie: "The Making of The African Queen:
Or, How I Went to Africa With Bogart, Bacall and Huston and Almost Lost My Mind",
which made her a best-selling author at the age of 77.






Katharine Quotes...



"I'm an atheist and that's it.
I believe there's nothing we can know
except that we should be kind to each other
and do what we can for other people."

"Prizes are nothing.
My prize is my work."

"Dressing up is a bore.
At a certain age, you decorate yourself to attract the opposite sex,
and at a certain age, I did that.
But I'm past that age."



"I never lose sight of the fact that just being is fun."

"If you always do what interests you, at least one person is pleased."

"If you obey all the rules you miss all the fun."



"If you want to sacrifice the admiration of many men for the criticism of one,
go ahead, get married."

"It would be a terrific innovation if you could get your mind
to stretch a little further than the next wisecrack."

"Life is to be lived.
If you have to support yourself,
you had bloody well better find some way that is going to be interesting.
And you don't do that by sitting around wondering about yourself."

"My greatest strength is common sense."




"Never complain. Never explain."

"Plain women know more about men than beautiful women do."



"Sometimes I wonder if men and women really suit each other.
Perhaps they should live next door and just visit now and then."

"To keep your character intact you cannot stoop to filthy acts.
It makes it easier to stoop the next time."

"We are taught you must blame your father, your sisters, your brothers, the school, the teachers
- but never blame yourself. It's never your fault.
But it's always your fault,
because if you wanted to change you're the one who has got to change."

"Without discipline, there's no life at all."

". . . as one goes through life one learns that if you don't paddle your own canoe, you don't move."























Pakistan: Broken Hearts, Broken Lives

The floods in Pakistan, which now cover 1/5 of the country, are now beginning to recede. The pain and misery from the disaster, however, are only beginning for millions of dispossessed people without food or shelter. When the UN Secretary-General, Ban Ki Moon, visited two weeks ago, he was utterly shocked by the magnitude of the destruction saying, 'In the past I have witnessed many disasters, but nothing like this.'
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Several years ago, a tsunami rocked Southeast Asia and Indonesia taking more than 200,000 lives. Although far more horrific by the sheer number of deaths, the Pakistani floods are equally terrible in another sense. While 1,600 have died, 17 million survivors now wake up each and every day to a barren existence. More than a month after the beginning of the rains, many are still in need of basic medical attention. One organization on the ground in Pakistan is Oxfam. Founded to end poverty across the globe, Oxfam has expertise in crisis management and disaster control. Their efforts in Pakistan are already making a difference, but they need our help.
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A small donation to Oxfam.org (http://www.oxfam.org/) or OxfamAmerica.org (http://www.oxfamamerica.org/) will be an appreciated contribution to their relief efforts. (You may click on these links) What better way is there to show that we are one world and one people than by giving to our brothers and sisters in times of crisis?
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To see the recent images of the devastation in Pakistan, click on the link below. Thank you.
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http://www.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/asiapcf/08/29/pakistan.floods/index.html?hpt=T2
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(Picture: A flooded town in Pakistan. Prior to one month ago, there was no water in the area.)
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J. Roquen

Mary Roach - Packing for Mars

The human exploration of space is fascinating, not only for the discoveries we make about the cosmos but for the logistics that have to be overcome and the research that has to be done about even the most minute and seemingly trivial of human physiological functions.

We've glimpsed before how astronauts have to deal with their own processes of excretion, for instance, but before we ever made it into space, it was a genuinely open question what would happen to the human body as it reaches a zero-gravity environment. Would blood coagulate? Would the eyes be able to focus? Would muscles deteriorate? Would balance and proprioception be preserved? Would we be able to sleep?

And then there's the logistics of having to plan missions into outer space that have to last anywhere from a few days to a couple of years in relatively small and definitely isolated capsules. In the following entertaining and informative talk, Mary Roach describes some of the fascinating and crazy research that has gone into getting humans into literally alien environments... and why, despite how much you may love America, you'll probably want to go out in a Russian mission :)




There you have it, real thinking out of the box requires that you eat the box :)
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- Rip Corinne Day



We are saddened by the untimely death of Photographer Corinne Day, and we extend our utmost condolences to the family, friends and co-workers of the deceased.

Crackers With An Agenda

It's bland, plain and virtually tasteless. In a word, it is boring.
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Of course, a plain graham cracker is only one option. To spice things up a bit, you could try one with sugar, cinnamon or honey. If you did that, however, you would be violating the intents and purposes behind the graham cracker and its creator - Sylvester Graham (1794-1851).
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Graham was a not only man of the cloth in puritanical Massachusetts in the early 19th century, he was also a 'dietary reformer'. Long before the age of the nutritionist, Graham correctly surmised that a person's diet had a profound effect on his (or her) health and behavior. In regard to the latter, he zealously focused in on one particular form of expression - sex. Similar to both his religious contemporaries and many Christians today, Graham was deeply troubled by the 'sin' of physical passion. For him, sex or even thoughts of sex demonstrated a lack of self-control and was ultimately contrary to a mind and heart dedicated to a holy God.
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Theorizing on the impact of food upon the body, Graham concluded that coffee, tea, alcohol, spices, meat and anything with sugar ought to be discarded from one's diet. Why? According to him, these edible products were stimulants to an overactive sexual imagination.
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Hence, Graham invented the 'Graham' cracker - a biscuit designed to dull the senses and the spirits who ate them. By sticking to wheat products and water, a person of faith would be less tempted by his or her own sexual desires - as they were no longer powered by coffee, tea, meat etc.
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Scientifically speaking, Graham's dietary prescription was half wrong and half ahead of its time. Alcohol may loosen the libido, but it does not increase sex drive. It is a depressant. Recent studies, however, suggest that caffeine may indeed be responsible for generating more passion in women. If true, Starbucks may be a better venue for romance than the local bar.
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A cinnamon graham cracker, then, is the ultimate hybrid. Cinnamon, which was liberally thrown on the bed of Egyptians prior to lovemaking as an ancient aphrodisiac, sits atop a cardboard-tasting cracker expressly developed to encourage chaste behavior.
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Something has gotta give.
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(Picture: Sylvester Graham).
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J Roquen

Are Tests Biased Against Students Who Don't Give a Shit?

As a new school year is about to begin, I've been contemplating different approaches to my teaching, hoping to peak my students' interest in philosophy and maximize the quality of their work (after all, I do have to read their papers).

I've always assumed that my tests are designed to evaluate my students' comprehension of the subject matter, but it turns out I may have unwittingly been designing tests that unfairly discriminate against some students. The Onion reports.



Now what do I do? :)
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Exciting new project!



Add Image
We're working on a new hospital scheme at the moment, this is our giant moodboard/inspiration wall! More soon!

St. Thomas Aquinas and the Miracle of the Herrings

I've read St. Thomas Aquinas' theology and philosophy, but I've never stopped to wonder why he's considered a saint. I probably assumed that being the prolific and influential writer he was, establishing the basic conceptual foundations of Catholicism and thereby becoming one of the Doctors of the Church, was probably justification enough to endow him with such a title.

As it turns out, I was wrong. Being the Church's greatest theologian and philosopher of all time is not quite enough to get you to party with Jesus. For that, it seems, you need some incontrovertible evidence of a miracle, and if the following story doesn't convince you we're dealing with real transcendence here, I don't know what will :)



Of course, Aquinas should have been worshiping Mithras, not Jesus...
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Multi-sensory integration in autism

ResearchBlogging.org
Humans have five senses. Hearing, vision, touch, smell, and taste. Although they're all processed in different parts of the brain initially (that would be the auditory cortex, the visual cortex, the somatosensory cortex, the olfactory cortex, and the gustatory cortex respectively), our senses interact to give us a unified perceptual experience.
The brain - different bits do different things
This 'cross-modal' or 'multi-sensory' interaction is nicely illustrated by various perceptual  illusions. For example, if we see a single flash and hear two beeps at the same time, we often experience two flashes - the imaginatively titled "sound-induced flash illusion". Similarly, the McGurk effect refers to the fact that seeing someone's lips move can affect how we hear what they are saying. If we see someone say the word "bait" and at the same time hear the word "gate", we may experience the person saying "date" which, acoustically and phonetically, is midway between the two words. Coolest of all is the rubber hand illusion. If you can't see your hand but can see a fake rubber hand, and you can see the hand being tickled at the same time as your hand is tickled then you experience the rubber hand as being your own.

As with some of the visual illusions mentioned in an earlier blog, these illusions may be the occasional price we pay for having a perceptual system that, more often than not, is able to successfully integrate the incoming sensory stimulation.

Which brings us to autism:

It's long been argued that people with autism have sensory integration difficulties. However, the evidence relating to multi-sensory integration is actually pretty mixed. A number of studies have reported that the McGurk effect is reduced in autism. However, others have reported that people with autism show a normal sound-induced flash illusion. As far as I'm aware, nobody has looked at the rubber hand illusion and we know very little about how the sense of touch is integrated with other senses.

The study

In an article published this week in Autism Research, Natalie Russo and colleagues at Albert Einstein College of Medicine reported a study of auditory-somatosensory (touch) integration  in autism. Seventeen children with autism were asked to watch a film with the sound turned down. During the film, short tones were presented through speakers and a pad held in one hand vibrated. There were three kinds of stimuli: (1) Tones on their own; (2) Vibrations on their own; and (3) Simultaneous tones and vibrations.

Throughout all of this, the participant's electrical brain responses were measured using EEG (electroencephalography) - a cap with electrodes placed strategically all over the head.


To analyse the EEG data, the researchers added together the brain response to the tone on its own and the brain response to the vibration on its own. They then compared this to the brain responses to the bimodal stimulus (i.e., the simultaneous tone and vibration).

If the two modalities are processed separately by the brain and are not integrated then the response to the bimodal stimulus should be precisely the sum of its parts. Indeed, this is pretty much what they found for the autism group.

The researchers also tested a control group of typically developing children, who were the same ages as the autistic children. For these children, the brain response to the bimodal stimulus was more than the sum of its parts. This effect was particularly strong at around 150 milliseconds after the start of the stimulation at electrodes overlying the parietal lobes.

What does it all mean?

The results of the study are pretty intriguing. It seems as though the control children's brains integrated the tone and the vibration when they occurred together, but this cross-modal sensory integration was pretty much absent in the autism group.

Russo et al suggest that their results may reflect a weakening of the connections between the different sensory regions of the brain. And they argue that this would be consistent with the more general theory that the brains of people with autism are 'under-connected'. In other words, the different parts of the brain are off doing their own thing, rather than talking to each other.

What's nice about the study is that the subjects didn't actually have to do anything. They just sat and watched the movie while their fingers were vibrated and their ears were assailed by beeps. It's difficult, therefore, to explain away the results as just a consequence of the autistic children not paying attention or not understanding what they had to do.

However, the authors note an important limitation of their study. The children covered a wide age range from 6 to 16 years and its known that brain responses to these kinds of stimuli tend to change (get faster) with age. This meant there was quite a lot of variation even in the control group and this may have masked interesting differences.

It's also worth pointing out that some other recent EEG studies have reported normal audio-visual integration in autism. It's not entirely clear why the results conflict, so it would be interesting in future to look at integration of different combinations of senses within the same group of participants.

Moving forward

While the current results indicate that cross-modal integration is reduced in autism or (and I always have to add this caveat) at least in some individuals with autism, they don't tell us where in the brain this occurs or what the underlying neural process is. The cross-modal integration effect measured by the electrodes at the scalp could potentially originate in the auditory cortex, the somatosensory cortex, or some other brain area that takes inputs from these two primary sensory regions. Unfortunately, the spatial resolution of EEG is very poor and it may require a different technique such as MEG (magnetoencephalography) to address this question.

The 'how' question is potentially even more intriguing. The EEG (or MEG) response measured on the surface of the head actually reflects the combined activity of millions of neurons. The cross-modal integration effect in typically developing children could be caused by a change in brain activity (more neurons firing somewhere in the brain). But it could also reflect an increase in neural synchronization (the same neurons firing but all doing so at the same time). Fortunately, there are some rapidly developing analytical techniques that should allow researchers to differentiate between these possibilities and provide further insights into the neurobiological mechanisms of autism.

More links:
Reference:

Russo, N., Foxe, J. J., Brandwein, A. B., Altschuler, T., Gomes, H. and Molholm, S. (2010). Multisensory processing in children with autism: high-density electrical mapping of auditory–somatosensory integration Autism Research : DOI: 10.1002/aur.152

Anniversary 2010


In between days of MIX events, I took time away from that madhouse and from work to spend time with my lovely wife, for our sixth anniversary. We had a lovely time together. Natalie stayed home with her grandma while we went thrifting and visited Minneapolis. The shopping was fun without a toddler to constantly entertain. I forgot how enjoyable it can be to quietly browse and take my time at something. Jenna scored a sweet wooden play oven for only $6.

We had a late brunch at French Meadow, one half of an omelette each. The weather was perfect for sitting outside and watching the Uptown traffic go by. The less said about our lunch at Melting Pot, the better. Food was okay, service sucked. After dinking around on Nicollet for a while it was time to head back home and relieve our babysitter.

I learned "iron" is the traditional gift for the sixth anniversary, so I started shopping on Etsy a few months ago and found this awesome necklace (as you can see above!). It's a faceted piece of jasper-streaked iron pyrite, surrounded by a hammered sterling silver ring that was patinaed dark and hand polished to resemble the color of the iron in the stone. Very unique, interesting, and beautiful... just like my bride!

Ken Miller - Where Is the Missing Human Chromosome?

One curious difference between humans and the rest of the great apes is the fact that the latter all seem to have one more chromosome than we do. Now, since evolutionary theory predicts a very close genetic relationship to our closest cousins, this oddity is one that ought to make us question the validity of evolutionary theory: how could we be missing an entire chromosome and not be eating dirt and running into walls?

If you're a creationist or intelligent design theorist, this anomaly might sound like precisely the kind of evidence that would refute evolution. So how does an evolutionary account explain this strange state of affairs?

In the following clip, Professor Ken Miller explains the elegance and sophistication with which real scientists can answer these seemingly difficult questions :)



If you're interested, you can watch Miller's entire lecture here.
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MIX 2010

2D Cloud Kids MiX 2010

The Minneapolis Indie Xpo was incredible. We got fantastic press coverage for a first year event. Four spots on Fox 9, interviews with me in Vita.mn and the Star Tribune, the Onion A.V. Club, and this great article in the Minneapolis Downtown Journal. Sarah was interviewed on Radio K's Culture Queue. The City Pages promoted us in their annual comics issue (which we helped organize) and put us on their weekly A-List. Most exciting for me, we got Boinged!

Precious Little Film Fest

The Precious Little Film Fest was a success. A good crowd came out and filled the theatre about halfway. I delivered a welcome speech along with my fellow MC Danno Klonowski, then we sat down and got out of the way. It was fun to see the animations on a big screen and this was the perfect audience for watching Scott Pilgrim vs. The World.

MIX 2010: The Soap Factory Interior

I was the first to arrive at The Soap Factory on Saturday morning, which is just the way I like it. Sarah arrived soon afterward with Brian Heater of the Daily Cross Hatch, who manned the front table as a volunteer. Kevin and my dad helped for most of the day too.

One of the Soap Factory's front desk volunteers was my old pal Cali, who I used to work with when I served on the board of the Sibley Bike Depot. Former board member John showed up too. But the biggest blast from my past was college buddy Becky, who just happened to be visiting Minneapolis with her new husband!

the organizers!

After a mad rush getting everyone set up and settled in I spent most of the day reading awesome comics and making new friends. I met far too many amazing and friendly folks to mention here, but I want to give a special secret shout-out to all the artists who gave me free books! You are the awesomest. Just as the day was starting to drag and the heat of the building was gnawing at me, the show was suddenly over. The artists packed up and I spent an hour stacking tables and chairs until the building was cleaned out.

Donut Cooperative donuts! And donations

I joined Sarah, Brian, Will Dinski and Top Shelf's Brett Warnock for a celebratory dinner and two pitchers of Surly Furious. Then we all headed up to Altered Esthetics (after I accidentally took Brian on a brief scenic detour towards St. Paul) for the official after-party. I hung out for a while with some deeply appreciative cartoonists but all too soon it was time to head home.


Time to start planning the Craftstravaganza!!!

THE END?